In general, “policy implementation is the fourth phase of the policy cycle in which adopted policies are put into effect” (Bounless, 2015).  Scholars describe it differently.  According to Mazmanian and Sabatier (1983: 20-21), policy implementation is “the carrying out of the basic policy decision, usually incorporated in a statue but which can also take the form of important executive orders or court decisions.”  O’Toole and colleagues on the other hand stated that “policy implementation refers to the connection between the expression of governmental intention and its results” (O’Toole et al., 1995: 43).

Clarity of policy goals and targets: This is the degree to which the implementers and SMEs perceive that the consistent policy goals and targets are easy for the perceived ease of doing business for SMEs. 

Disposition of implementers: It is generally the level of willingness and underlying beliefs of implementers to carry out a policy and the way they exercise their discretion in the implementation of policy.

Inter-Organizational communication: This is level of understanding among implementers within organizations regarding their exact roles in the implementation of policy.  In other words, it is the effective communication among implementing government agencies and organizations. 

Capability of implementers: This is implementation capability of the policy implementers and their experience, expertise, and available resources.